Evolutionarily, most mammals are color blind. Old world primates duplicated one corn and changed it a bit so we have three. Some lost one of them and so they are color blind. Since this is on the Y chromosome, it’s much more common in males. Other vertebrates have 4 cones that are much more evenly distributed but early mammals were nocturnal so there was no need in color vision.

This doesn’t answer which kind of human color blindness is closer to what most mammals see but it’s not too different either way. Thanks!